導語：食品(pin)營(ying)養(yang)與食品(pin)衛生監管綜述一文來源(yuan)于網友(you)上傳(chuan)，不代表本站觀點(dian)，若(ruo)需要(yao)原創(chuang)文章可咨(zi)詢(xun)客服老師(shi)，歡迎(ying)參考(kao)。

食品營養與食品衛生臨床醫療以及社會極為重視的內容，在絕大程度上關系著人們健康。而結合實際情況可以發現，在多方面因素的共同作用下，食品安全事件在社會中的發生率正在以極快的速度增長，在很大程度上影響著居民健康[1]。本次我區疾病防控中心就將食品營養以及食品衛生監管并重的管理(li)(li)對策運用于(yu)日常食品衛生管理(li)(li)工作中，具體如下。

1資料與方法

1.1一(yi)般資料：我區(qu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2016年(nian)開始將食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)及食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)并重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)運用于(yu)日(ri)常食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)與(yu)(yu)公共衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中，分(fen)(fen)析(xi)實(shi)施前(qian)后1年(nian)時(shi)間內，我區(qu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全事件發生(sheng)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。1.2方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)：綜合(he)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)當前(qian)我區(qu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)及食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中潛在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，并給予針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)性強(qiang)化措施，從食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)及食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)兩方(fang)(fang)(fang)面出(chu)發應(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全中潛在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)：1.2.1食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)現(xian)(xian)狀情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。①食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。結合(he)對(dui)(dui)(dui)我區(qu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)綜合(he)調查可(ke)(ke)以(yi)發現(xian)(xian)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)量(liang)不(bu)佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)較為嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)多(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)。諸(zhu)如(ru)未嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)有(you)關規(gui)定針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)進行(xing)檢測(ce)；食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)中有(you)關添(tian)加劑(ji)類型尚(shang)未說明；食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)標(biao)準尚(shang)未完善；未對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)原材(cai)料監(jian)控工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)加以(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視等。同時(shi)，社會群(qun)眾對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視程度(du)不(bu)高。②食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。因(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)一(yi)定缺(que)陷，使(shi)得不(bu)合(he)格產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)大量(liang)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)市場中。具(ju)體(ti)(ti)而言，當前(qian)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)主要(yao)有(you)2點：a.法(fa)律體(ti)(ti)系尚(shang)未完善。缺(que)乏系統(tong)(tong)(tong)性、完整性食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)條例。b.分(fen)(fen)段管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理中，各(ge)級食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理人(ren)員未充分(fen)(fen)認識(shi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)自(zi)身責(ze)任(ren)[2]。1.2.2強(qiang)化食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策：①引導(dao)居(ju)民按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)多(duo)樣適量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)進行(xing)飲(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。臨床研究(jiu)已經證(zheng)實(shi)，按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)多(duo)樣適量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)進行(xing)飲(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)有(you)效(xiao)滿(man)足人(ren)體(ti)(ti)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)不(bu)同營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)元素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求，同時(shi)可(ke)(ke)有(you)效(xiao)避免因(yin)長(chang)時(shi)間攝入(ru)單(dan)種食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)而出(chu)現(xian)(xian)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)失衡(heng)甚至“食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)中毒”。避免患(huan)者出(chu)現(xian)(xian)細菌(jun)性或(huo)者生(sheng)化性食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)中毒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。從當前(qian)實(shi)際(ji)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)發現(xian)(xian)，目前(qian)市面上(shang)各(ge)類食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)或(huo)多(duo)或(huo)少殘(can)留有(you)毒素(su)(su)、激素(su)(su)等。攝入(ru)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)單(dan)一(yi)，很容易(yi)導(dao)致(zhi)其(qi)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)中毒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。同時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)該飲(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)模式(shi)(shi)(shi)下能起(qi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)居(ju)民胃腸(chang)、肝腎功(gong)能保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用。②提升居(ju)民對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視程度(du)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)活節(jie)奏持(chi)續加快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)下，居(ju)民對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)性認識(shi)程度(du)有(you)所降低。為此，必(bi)須通過健(jian)康知(zhi)識(shi)講解的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)引導(dao)居(ju)民對(dui)(dui)(dui)該方(fang)(fang)(fang)面內容加以(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視，鼓勵其(qi)做到(dao)(dao)(dao)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)均衡(heng)，不(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用三(san)無(wu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。③強(qiang)化食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。有(you)關食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)檢測(ce)部(bu)門需要(yao)充分(fen)(fen)認識(shi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)自(zi)身工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)性，引導(dao)其(qi)以(yi)嚴(yan)謹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態度(du)開展各(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)控工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。并落實(shi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)檢測(ce)責(ze)任(ren)制，針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)不(bu)嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理體(ti)(ti)系工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員進行(xing)懲處[3-4]。1.3觀(guan)察指標(biao)：針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)施前(qian)后我區(qu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全不(bu)良事件發生(sheng)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)進行(xing)統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)。1.4統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)學方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)：采用SPSS19.0對(dui)(dui)(dui)本次研究(jiu)中各(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面數(shu)(shu)據進行(xing)處理，按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)%對(dui)(dui)(dui)計(ji)數(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)據進行(xing)表示，以(yi)χ2檢測(ce)，若P<0.05則表明數(shu)(shu)據間存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)顯著差異(yi)，具(ju)備統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)學意義。

2結果

在實施前(qian)一年時間內，我區共發生8例(li)食品安(an)全事件，而實施后(hou)僅1例(li)，實施后(hou)發生率明顯低于發生前(qian)，P<0.05差(cha)異具備統(tong)計(ji)學意義。

3討論

食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)直接關(guan)系著居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)健(jian)康(kang)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)多方(fang)(fang)面因素的(de)(de)共同影(ying)響下，食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)日益嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，導(dao)致居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)患病率(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)持(chi)(chi)續提升(sheng)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)“雙重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)挑戰(zhan)”于近(jin)幾年被社會所重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視。為有效針對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行處(chu)理(li)(li)，我區從食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)營養與食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)衛(wei)生監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)并重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)出發進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，針對(dui)(dui)(dui)當前(qian)我區食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)方(fang)(fang)面存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)給予針對(dui)(dui)(dui)性監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策。從提升(sheng)居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)對(dui)(dui)(dui)健(jian)康(kang)飲食(shi)(shi)(shi)習慣的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視程(cheng)度(du)、均(jun)衡飲食(shi)(shi)(shi)以及強化食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)部門職責等(deng)角(jiao)度(du)出發，對(dui)(dui)(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。綜合對(dui)(dui)(dui)比實施前(qian)后各一(yi)年時間(jian)內食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)不(bu)良(liang)事件(jian)可知，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)該監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)系的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)不(bu)良(liang)事件(jian)的(de)(de)發生率(lv)明顯下降，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度(du)上保障了居(ju)(ju)(ju)民(min)飲食(shi)(shi)(shi)健(jian)康(kang)[5-7]。總(zong)之，食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)“雙重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)挑戰(zhan)”是當前(qian)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)安全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)中最為重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要內容(rong)，以及需要在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后續工作中持(chi)(chi)續進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視與處(chu)理(li)(li)。

作者:于宏 單位:鞍山市千山區(qu)市場監督管理(li)執法大隊

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