導語：淺談園(yuan)林施工施工技術一文(wen)來源于(yu)網友上傳，不代表本站觀點，若(ruo)需(xu)要原創文(wen)章可(ke)咨(zi)詢客服老師，歡迎參考。

園林建設既包含了城市建設所需的基本設施，又能滿足人們對環保和綠化的需求，能夠為城市綠化發揮巨大的作用，為人們提供了放松身心、戶外運動的場所。這也要求了園林建設，有著高品質、高質量的保證，對園林施工技術提出(chu)了較高(gao)的要(yao)求(qiu)。

1現階段園林施工技術存在的問題

1.1施工人(ren)員(yuan)素(su)質低下

由(you)于園(yuan)林建設的大肆增加，為了(le)滿足建設需求，勢必要增加園(yuan)林施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)。然而(er)，我(wo)國市(shi)場上的主要勞動力是(shi)(shi)外(wai)出務工(gong)的農民，一般文化程度不(bu)高，上崗前缺(que)少專業(ye)的技(ji)(ji)能培(pei)訓，是(shi)(shi)導(dao)致(zhi)園(yuan)林施(shi)(shi)工(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)低、技(ji)(ji)能差的主要原因之(zhi)一。另外(wai)，園(yuan)林施(shi)(shi)工(gong)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)內，存(cun)在(zai)嚴重的素質參差不(bu)齊現象，有(you)些(xie)人員(yuan)資格老、經(jing)驗豐富，在(zai)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)上是(shi)(shi)一把好手，卻不(bu)會看設計(ji)圖紙，理(li)解不(bu)了(le)設計(ji)師的設計(ji)理(li)念；有(you)些(xie)人員(yuan)年(nian)輕、創(chuang)意(yi)多(duo)，但是(shi)(shi)缺(que)乏施(shi)(shi)工(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)經(jing)驗，空有(you)藝術(shu)想法無法實(shi)現。這就導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)總體素質過低，降低了(le)園(yuan)林施(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量。

1.2工程招標不(bu)規范

目前，工程建設都是以招(zhao)標的(de)形(xing)式，進行市場交易，園林(lin)建設也是如此。由于(yu)市場機制存在弊(bi)端，很多(duo)事業(ye)單位追求(qiu)低(di)廉(lian)的(de)價(jia)格，選(xuan)擇出(chu)價(jia)低(di)的(de)承(cheng)包(bao)商。而這些低(di)廉(lian)的(de)承(cheng)包(bao)商，給出(chu)低(di)于(yu)工程估價(jia)的(de)報價(jia)，表面上(shang)是節(jie)約成本，但實際(ji)上(shang)為了(le)獲取高額的(de)利潤，承(cheng)包(bao)商會(hui)壓縮(suo)支出(chu)成本，購買廉(lian)價(jia)材料(liao)，更有甚者為了(le)搶工期，不顧工程質量，偷工減料(liao)，脫離設計圖紙，影響園林(lin)建設的(de)美感(gan)。

1.3與土建存在(zai)沖突(tu)

園(yuan)林(lin)(lin)建設(she)中種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)程是非(fei)常重要的(de)一(yi)個環節,種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)綠(lv)化(hua)等卻經常會被(bei)忽視，施工(gong)隊伍(wu)通(tong)常認為只要把花、草、樹木(mu)移栽到園(yuan)林(lin)(lin)內(nei)就(jiu)完(wan)成(cheng)了(le)工(gong)程的(de)建設(she)，其實不然。種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)綠(lv)化(hua)工(gong)程要有一(yi)定的(de)規劃(hua)和(he)設(she)計，從選(xuan)擇栽種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)到綠(lv)化(hua)用(yong)地的(de)整理(li)和(he)維(wei)護(hu)，環環相扣，每一(yi)步(bu)都要經過(guo)周密(mi)的(de)籌備。園(yuan)林(lin)(lin)設(she)計缺(que)少對園(yuan)區(qu)土質、土壤結構(gou)的(de)了(le)解，盲目選(xuan)擇一(yi)些外表(biao)鮮艷(yan)好看的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)，不理(li)會所種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)是否適應該園(yuan)區(qu)的(de)生(sheng)態環境，導致了(le)后期園(yuan)內(nei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)大(da)量枯死的(de)情況出現。忽視管(guan)理(li)園(yuan)林(lin)(lin)內(nei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)，缺(que)乏植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)養(yang)護(hu)知識，影(ying)響園(yuan)林(lin)(lin)后期養(yang)護(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)開展。

2改(gai)善園(yuan)林施工(gong)技術的方法策略(lve)

2.1加強施工(gong)人員的技能

園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)建(jian)設(she)中，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)技(ji)術是決定(ding)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)建(jian)設(she)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)關鍵性因(yin)素之一，除了在選擇(ze)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍時，要(yao)選擇(ze)技(ji)術過(guo)硬(ying)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量高(gao)、經驗(yan)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)團隊之外，還應該對(dui)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)行點(dian)(dian)對(dui)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)培訓，讓其熟知(zhi)和理(li)解施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)內容(rong)和施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)點(dian)(dian)，堅持(chi)理(li)論和實踐雙管齊下，將優(you)(you)化(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)落實到實踐中。并且定(ding)期抽(chou)查施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)術，檢驗(yan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，督促施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)自覺地提升技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。在多方面的(de)(de)影響下，推動施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍朝高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準、高(gao)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)方向(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)，以求(qiu)滿足不(bu)同園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)技(ji)術要(yao)求(qiu)，更好地展(zhan)現(xian)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)設(she)計者(zhe)的(de)(de)深刻內涵。2.2規范園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)形(xing)式(shi)想(xiang)要(yao)改變園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)現(xian)狀，必須規范招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，優(you)(you)化(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)形(xing)式(shi)。首先在進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)之前，要(yao)做好園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)預算(suan)；其次，招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)時，找出報(bao)價與預算(suan)相比稍高(gao)或稍低的(de)(de)承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)，作為考慮承(cheng)包(bao)對(dui)象(xiang)；最(zui)后，了解承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)背景(jing)和承(cheng)包(bao)過(guo)那些園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，選擇(ze)經驗(yan)豐(feng)富、口碑好、綜(zong)合實力(li)較高(gao)的(de)(de)承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)，委托(tuo)其進(jin)行園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。貨比三家，選擇(ze)最(zui)值(zhi)得信賴的(de)(de)承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)，既(ji)保障了園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)技(ji)術水(shui)平，又能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠優(you)(you)化(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)，最(zui)終(zhong)實現(xian)建(jian)造出的(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)風景(jing)秀(xiu)美(mei)、滿足不(bu)同人群需求(qiu)的(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)。

2.3處理(li)好土(tu)建之間的關系

首先，在選苗(miao)(miao)采購(gou)上，選取具備(bei)一定(ding)專(zhuan)業(ye)知識(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人員負責采購(gou)。因為(wei)，一旦園林(lin)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠化(hua)工程(cheng)開(kai)始了，需(xu)要(yao)在極短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間內(nei)迅速(su)(su)地將種(zhong)植幼苗(miao)(miao)購(gou)買回(hui)來。所以(yi)，采購(gou)人員要(yao)充足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生物學知識(shi)(shi)，能夠鑒別有病蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幼苗(miao)(miao)，在運(yun)輸過程(cheng)中(zhong)保(bao)證幼苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存活。其次(ci)，土壤直接決(jue)定(ding)著(zhu)幼苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存活率，要(yao)有意(yi)識(shi)(shi)地進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)土壤優化(hua)，保(bao)障幼苗(miao)(miao)能夠快速(su)(su)適應生存環境(jing)，茁壯成長。依照土壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酸堿值，選擇幼苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)植種(zhong)類，提前做(zuo)好肥(fei)料堆積，做(zuo)好病蟲害(hai)防治工作(zuo)(zuo)，在進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)適當修(xiu)剪之后，按(an)照設計圖紙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)分布，進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)栽種(zhong)，定(ding)時灌(guan)溉。最后，落實綠化(hua)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)園區綠化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可持(chi)(chi)續性。選擇專(zhuan)業(ye)性強(qiang)、技術好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)人員，明確(que)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)標準和責任，保(bao)障養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)資金(jin)和設備(bei)充足，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。定(ding)期進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)知識(shi)(shi)培(pei)訓，提高養(yang)(yang)護(hu)(hu)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)水平。

3總結

在21世紀(ji)，環(huan)保與我(wo)們每個(ge)人都(dou)息(xi)息(xi)相關，園(yuan)林(lin)施(shi)工(gong)一定要(yao)堅持(chi)走可持(chi)續發展道路(lu)，積極解決園(yuan)林(lin)施(shi)工(gong)出現(xian)的(de)(de)各種問題，不斷提高施(shi)工(gong)技術，將園(yuan)林(lin)藝術發揮(hui)到極致。我(wo)們要(yao)借助園(yuan)林(lin)建設，提高人們的(de)(de)環(huan)保意識，呼吁人們保護(hu)環(huan)境(jing)，節(jie)約(yue)資源(yuan)，減少對綠化的(de)(de)破環(huan)，構建和諧美好的(de)(de)綠色社會。

作者:陳(chen)宏(hong)進 單(dan)位(wei):湛江(jiang)市海濱公園管理(li)處

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