導(dao)語：綠(lv)色(se)建筑發(fa)展現(xian)狀及展望思(si)考一文(wen)(wen)來源于(yu)網友上(shang)傳，不代(dai)表(biao)本站觀點(dian)，若(ruo)需要原(yuan)創文(wen)(wen)章可咨詢客(ke)服老師(shi)，歡迎參考。

摘要：2020年7月，住建部聯合七部委印發《綠色建筑創建行動方案》，旨在全面推動綠色建筑高質量發展。這既(ji)是(shi)對傳統(tong)建筑(zhu)業加(jia)快轉型升級的響應，又是(shi)建筑(zhu)業踐行綠色發(fa)展理念的重要途徑。該文剖析了(le)綠色建筑(zhu)的內(nei)涵，回顧了(le)我國(guo)綠色建筑(zhu)發(fa)展的現狀，并對我國(guo)綠色建筑(zhu)未來健康(kang)化(hua)(hua)、智(zhi)慧(hui)化(hua)(hua)、工業化(hua)(hua)、雙零化(hua)(hua)、規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)的發(fa)展趨勢進行了(le)總結(jie)和展望(wang)。

關鍵詞：綠色建筑；智慧化(hua)；工業(ye)化(hua)；雙(shuang)零化(hua)；生(sheng)態建筑學

20世紀60年(nian)(nian)代，美(mei)籍(ji)意大利建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑師保(bao)羅(luo)•索勒(le)瑞（PaulSollery）提出(chu)了“生態建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑學”的(de)(de)新(xin)理(li)(li)念；1992年(nian)(nian)聯合(he)國(guo)環境與(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大會使可持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)思想得到(dao)(dao)推廣，綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)概念被正式引入(ru)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)，并(bing)得到(dao)(dao)政府部(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)大力(li)推動；2004年(nian)(nian)9月，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設部(bu)“全國(guo)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑創(chuang)新(xin)獎”評選啟動，正式拉開了我(wo)(wo)國(guo)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)序幕(mu)。經過十多年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)政策法規陸續(xu)出(chu)臺，標準體系逐(zhu)步完(wan)善(shan)，綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)技術(shu)不斷創(chuang)新(xin)，評價(jia)標識(shi)日(ri)趨規范(fan)。然而(er)，盡(jin)管我(wo)(wo)國(guo)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)迅速，并(bing)取(qu)得了一定成就，但高消耗、高排放的(de)(de)粗放發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)模式一時(shi)還難以根(gen)本扭轉，技術(shu)進步和(he)制度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)的(de)(de)支(zhi)撐作用還沒有得到(dao)(dao)充(chong)分(fen)體現[1]。同時(shi)，國(guo)家戰略層(ceng)面(mian)的(de)(de)生態文明建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設與(yu)“綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)”發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理(li)(li)念、行業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)層(ceng)面(mian)的(de)(de)標準強制與(yu)品質(zhi)提升、民眾需求(qiu)層(ceng)面(mian)的(de)(de)“可感知”因(yin)素，均提出(chu)了綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑由快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)向高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)轉變的(de)(de)迫(po)切需求(qiu)。2020年(nian)(nian)7月，住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)聯合(he)七(qi)部(bu)委印發(fa)(fa)(fa)《綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行動方案》，為(wei)未來綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)指明了方向，必將掀起我(wo)(wo)國(guo)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)高潮。

1綠色(se)建筑的涵義與基本(ben)特征(zheng)

《綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評價標準》（GB/T50378—2019）將綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)定義為(wei)：在全(quan)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)內，節(jie)(jie)約(yue)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、保(bao)護環(huan)境、減少(shao)污染，為(wei)人(ren)們提(ti)供(gong)健康、適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)效的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)空間(jian)，最(zui)大(da)限度地(di)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)人(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)諧共生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)[2]。這一(yi)定義明(ming)(ming)確了(le)(le)通過“四節(jie)(jie)一(yi)環(huan)保(bao)”（節(jie)(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)(jie)地(di)、節(jie)(jie)水(shui)、節(jie)(jie)材和(he)(he)(he)環(huan)境保(bao)護）提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效率，減少(shao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)外(wai)部(bu)環(huan)境影響，提(ti)升建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內部(bu)環(huan)境品質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心任務，突出了(le)(le)在全(quan)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)內統(tong)籌考慮的(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)，強(qiang)調了(le)(le)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)“高(gao)(gao)(gao)品質(zhi)”，體現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)“人(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)諧共生(sheng)”的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)理念(nian)(nian)與(yu)(yu)(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)發展路徑。1.1節(jie)(jie)約(yue)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。工(gong)程施工(gong)過程對(dui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)消(xiao)耗以及對(dui)環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)集中性(xing)、突發性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)持續性(xing)影響，決定了(le)(le)推進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)施工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)迫切性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)必要性(xing)[3]。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)施工(gong)著眼于資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)環(huan)境保(bao)護，要求(qiu)盡可(ke)能(neng)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材和(he)(he)(he)設(she)備，通過科(ke)學管理和(he)(he)(he)技(ji)術(shu)進(jin)(jin)步，對(dui)工(gong)程做法(fa)、設(she)備和(he)(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)材提(ti)出優(you)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)議，促使施工(gong)過程安(an)全(quan)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)，最(zui)大(da)限度地(di)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、降(jiang)低(di)能(neng)耗、控制環(huan)境污染。1.2高(gao)(gao)(gao)品質(zhi)。基于“適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、經濟、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)、美(mei)觀”的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方針(zhen)，圍繞以人(ren)為(wei)本(ben)、性(xing)能(neng)導向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心理念(nian)(nian)，以全(quan)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)和(he)(he)(he)全(quan)產(chan)業鏈的(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)技(ji)術(shu)集成整合為(wei)手段，打(da)造(zao)(zao)(zao)可(ke)感(gan)知的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)品質(zhi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，強(qiang)調將綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)內涵擴展至低(di)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)耗、高(gao)(gao)(gao)健康性(xing)能(neng)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)(zao)水(shui)平，以及高(gao)(gao)(gao)度智慧運維(wei)[4]，以滿足人(ren)民日(ri)益增長的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)好生(sheng)活需(xu)要，提(ti)供(gong)“健康”“適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”和(he)(he)(he)“高(gao)(gao)(gao)效”的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)空間(jian)。1.3與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)諧共生(sheng)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)追求(qiu)充分利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)，比如直接(jie)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)陽光(guang)、風向(xiang)(xiang)、地(di)形(xing)、植被等現(xian)(xian)場自(zi)(zi)然(ran)條件，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非機械、近（零）能(neng)耗的(de)(de)(de)方式，降(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)采暖(nuan)、空調和(he)(he)(he)照明(ming)(ming)等負(fu)荷，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)室內外(wai)環(huan)境性(xing)能(neng)，回歸建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)本(ben)原。由此(ci)，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)不僅限于一(yi)個(ge)個(ge)單(dan)體建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)概念(nian)(nian)，它更是一(yi)種理念(nian)(nian)，追求(qiu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)當地(di)氣候(hou)條件相適(shi)應，與(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)域風貌和(he)(he)(he)街區(qu)環(huan)境相協調，以“被動設(she)計優(you)先、主(zhu)動設(she)計優(you)化(hua)(hua)”理念(nian)(nian)打(da)造(zao)(zao)(zao)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)態示(shi)范城區(qu)，創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)(he)諧生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)城市，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)人(ren)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)諧共生(sheng)。

2我國綠(lv)色建筑發展現狀(zhuang)

2.1政策(ce)推動(dong)日趨強(qiang)化。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)以(yi)政策(ce)推動(dong)為(wei)主導(dao)，行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法律法規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)以(yi)及標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范體(ti)系均(jun)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)及地方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推動(dong)政策(ce)下。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關政策(ce)，歷經了(le)(le)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)能→節(jie)能節(jie)地→四節(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)環保→生(sheng)態城(cheng)(cheng)區（綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)城(cheng)(cheng)市）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)[5]。20世紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)代，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)就(jiu)通過(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)定行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)《民用建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)能設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)（采暖(nuan)居住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)部(bu)(bu)分）》（JGJ26—86）開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)能工(gong)作；20世紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)代，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)概念引(yin)入我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)；2004年(nian)(nian)“全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)創新(xin)(xin)獎(jiang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)立(li)(li)正式拉(la)開(kai)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)序(xu)幕；之后，國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院及相(xiang)關部(bu)(bu)委逐(zhu)漸(jian)加大政策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)度，陸續(xu)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系列指導(dao)性(xing)文件(jian)（表(biao)1）。發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已(yi)連續(xu)列入國(guo)(guo)(guo)民經濟和(he)(he)社會發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“十(shi)二(er)(er)五”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)和(he)(he)“十(shi)三(san)(san)五”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)，《住房城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)事(shi)業(ye)“十(shi)三(san)(san)五”規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)綱要》提(ti)出(chu)，到(dao)2020年(nian)(nian)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推廣比(bi)例超過(guo)50%”[4]。歷經10余(yu)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)(shi)現從(cong)無到(dao)有、從(cong)單體(ti)到(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)區、再到(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)模化發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)現已(yi)超過(guo)12.5億㎡，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)了(le)(le)較為(wei)全(quan)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)體(ti)系、監管(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)推進(jin)機制(zhi)(zhi)[6]。2.2標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)體(ti)系逐(zhu)步完善(shan)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)現有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)共(gong)約20部(bu)(bu)，基(ji)本形成(cheng)了(le)(le)較為(wei)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)體(ti)系（表(biao)2），涵蓋綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)壽命周期(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)主要功能類型。其中(zhong)(zhong)，評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)是(shi)作為(wei)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)和(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)導(dao)引(yin)，相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范是(shi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)(shi)踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)支(zhi)撐(cheng)和(he)(he)保障[7]。2.3技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)不斷創新(xin)(xin)。“十(shi)五”時期(qi)(qi)(qi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)攻關計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)里，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)領域(yu)僅3個(ge)(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)包(bao)含建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)部(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)組織(zhi)實(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研究(jiu)”重(zhong)(zhong)點項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)。“十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)五”時期(qi)(qi)(qi)，《國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)(qi)(qi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)與(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)綱要（2006—2020年(nian)(nian)）》開(kai)始(shi)實(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)五年(nian)(nian)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)，首(shou)次將城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化與(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)市發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)獨立(li)(li)領域(yu)，共(gong)設(she)(she)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐(cheng)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)32個(ge)(ge)，住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)(bu)負責組織(zhi)實(shi)(shi)施“現代建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)施工(gong)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研究(jiu)”重(zhong)(zhong)點項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2個(ge)(ge)課題(ti)———“綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)生(sheng)命周期(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研究(jiu)”、“綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)施工(gong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范與(yu)(yu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)研究(jiu)”與(yu)(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)直接相(xiang)關。“十(shi)二(er)(er)五”時期(qi)(qi)(qi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)《“十(shi)二(er)(er)五”綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)專項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》，啟(qi)動(dong)實(shi)(shi)施國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐(cheng)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)48項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，設(she)(she)立(li)(li)課題(ti)226個(ge)(ge)。其中(zhong)(zhong)，與(yu)(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)關項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)數、國(guo)(guo)(guo)撥經費投(tou)入均(jun)超過(guo)50%。“十(shi)三(san)(san)五”時期(qi)(qi)(qi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)進(jin)行(xing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)改(gai)革，設(she)(she)立(li)(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)，啟(qi)動(dong)了(le)(le)“綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)及建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)業(ye)化”重(zhong)(zhong)點研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)專項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)60個(ge)(ge)。可(ke)見，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受到(dao)重(zhong)(zhong)視，獲得了(le)(le)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)，已(yi)實(shi)(shi)現綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)生(sheng)命周期(qi)(qi)(qi)不同階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合性(xing)系統研究(jiu)，為(wei)未來(lai)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)集成(cheng)創新(xin)(xin)提(ti)供了(le)(le)有力(li)支(zhi)撐(cheng)[5]。2.4評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識日趨規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范。為(wei)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識工(gong)作，住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)(bu)于2007年(nian)(nian)啟(qi)動(dong)該項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)作以(yi)來(lai)，陸續(xu)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系列管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)文件(jian)，如《綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)辦法（試行(xing)）》、《綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識實(shi)(shi)施細則（試行(xing)修(xiu)訂(ding)）》等，對綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、申(shen)報程序(xu)、監督檢查等相(xiang)關工(gong)作進(jin)行(xing)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范。《一(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)星(xing)級(ji)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)辦法（試行(xing)）》后，先后批準(zhun)了(le)(le)35個(ge)(ge)省(sheng)市開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)該地區一(yi)(yi)(yi)、二(er)(er)星(xing)級(ji)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識工(gong)作。《關于綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)有關工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知》提(ti)出(chu)了(le)(le)逐(zhu)步推行(xing)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)第(di)三(san)(san)方評(ping)價(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導(dao)意(yi)見，大部(bu)(bu)分省(sheng)市已(yi)在(zai)積極開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)相(xiang)關實(shi)(shi)踐。

3我(wo)國綠色建筑發(fa)展展望

3.1綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)健(jian)康(kang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。2012年(nian)8月(yue)，衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)部(bu)了(le)《“健(jian)康(kang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)2020”戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)研究報(bao)告(gao)》；2016年(nian)10月(yue)，中(zhong)共中(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院印發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)《“健(jian)康(kang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)2030”規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)綱(gang)要(yao)(yao)》；黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八(ba)大以來(lai)，黨中(zhong)央把(ba)推(tui)(tui)進“健(jian)康(kang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)上升(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)。健(jian)康(kang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是改(gai)善民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、促(cu)進行(xing)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、助力(li)健(jian)康(kang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)引領(ling)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)項政(zheng)(zheng)策落地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)載體(ti)。2017年(nian)1月(yue)，住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)《健(jian)康(kang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評價標(biao)(biao)準》（T/ASC02—2016），旨在(zai)(zai)通過(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)、水、舒(shu)適、健(jian)身、人(ren)文、服務六(liu)大要(yao)(yao)素綜合(he)(he)(he)促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身心健(jian)康(kang)[8]。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)十(shi)年(nian)在(zai)(zai)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)成效(xiao)顯著，而(er)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)更多(duo)側(ce)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與環(huan)境(jing)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)環(huan)境(jing)健(jian)康(kang)是綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，在(zai)(zai)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)得(de)以快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之后，健(jian)康(kang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)需求(qiu)(qiu)逐漸顯現(xian)(xian)，可以說(shuo)健(jian)康(kang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)健(jian)康(kang)方面向更深層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，健(jian)康(kang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)既源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又(you)“超越”綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。3.2綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。“智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”隨著智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)念和(he)(he)(he)新一(yi)代(dai)(dai)互(hu)聯(lian)網技(ji)術（以大數(shu)(shu)據、物(wu)聯(lian)網、云(yun)計(ji)算為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)運而(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。它不(bu)等(deng)(deng)同于(yu)升(sheng)級版的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，也不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)簡單理(li)(li)解為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是更加節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，它暫時還(huan)沒有(you)(you)(you)明確(que)(que)統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個代(dai)(dai)名詞，代(dai)(dai)表(biao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)領(ling)域未(wei)(wei)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)趨勢。發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)型綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，需綜合(he)(he)(he)運用(yong)(yong)大數(shu)(shu)據智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)處理(li)(li)技(ji)術、物(wu)理(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)感知技(ji)術、人(ren)機交互(hu)技(ji)術、物(wu)聯(lian)網技(ji)術等(deng)(deng)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)技(ji)術手(shou)段(duan)，將建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構、系統、服務和(he)(he)(he)管理(li)(li)根據用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)進行(xing)最(zui)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)組合(he)(he)(he)，從而(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)提(ti)(ti)供一(yi)個高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)、舒(shu)適、便(bian)利(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)性化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)環(huan)境(jing)，促(cu)進人(ren)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與環(huan)境(jing)三者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)“以人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)運營效(xiao)果[4]。3.3綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。《工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評價標(biao)(biao)準》（GB/T51129—2015）對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義是以“設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、現(xian)(xian)場裝配(pei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、主體(ti)裝飾機電一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)管理(li)(li)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”等(deng)(deng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主要(yao)(yao)特征，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)和(he)(he)(he)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命周期(qi)價值最(zui)大化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結合(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)助于(yu)兩者(zhe)相互(hu)促(cu)進，未(wei)(wei)來(lai)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采用(yong)(yong)EPC模式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、裝配(pei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)管理(li)(li)，更有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資源(yuan)(yuan)整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)、技(ji)術集成及效(xiao)益最(zui)大化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)方式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變(bian)[9]。3.4綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雙(shuang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。這里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“雙(shuang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)”是零(ling)(ling)(ling)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放、零(ling)(ling)(ling)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簡稱(cheng)。2009年(nian)哥(ge)(ge)本哈(ha)根氣(qi)候大會通過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《哥(ge)(ge)本哈(ha)根協(xie)議》指出(chu)盡(jin)快(kuai)減少碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放總(zong)量，確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)全(quan)球(qiu)平均溫度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)幅不(bu)超過(guo)2℃[10]。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)全(quan)球(qiu)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，減少碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)球(qiu)共識(shi)。2015年(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)領(ling)導人(ren)在(zai)(zai)巴黎氣(qi)候大會上鄭重(zhong)(zhong)承諾，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)單位國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值二氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放比2005年(nian)下降(jiang)60%～65%。零(ling)(ling)(ling)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)以“零(ling)(ling)(ling)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)極(ji)致目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，真正實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)難度，其(qi)概念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)對(dui)(dui)地表(biao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)非(fei)常(chang)現(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)積(ji)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。（近(jin)）零(ling)(ling)(ling)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策略(lve)(lve)應(ying)貫穿于(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命周期(qi)。（1）規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)階(jie)段(duan)：綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、優選建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材、因地制(zhi)宜；（2）工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)階(jie)段(duan)：綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供給；（3）建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階(jie)段(duan)：綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)管理(li)(li)；（4）使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)維(wei)護(hu)階(jie)段(duan)：提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)效(xiao)率、利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)意識(shi)；（5）拆除清理(li)(li)階(jie)段(duan)：延長(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)年(nian)限(xian)、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廢舊建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材和(he)(he)(he)部(bu)品(pin)部(bu)件(jian)回收利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率[9]。零(ling)(ling)(ling)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)指對(dui)(dui)傳統能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)循環(huan)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，或采用(yong)(yong)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非(fei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)（風能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、水能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)（近(jin)）零(ling)(ling)(ling)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)徑可包括：（1）被動(dong)式技(ji)術：采用(yong)(yong)優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)溫隔熱維(wei)護(hu)結構、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)門窗、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)氣(qi)密性措施(shi)(shi)、優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)熱工(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，盡(jin)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)低(di)(di)對(dui)(dui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)等(deng)(deng)；（2）高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統：利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)集成高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)空調系統降(jiang)低(di)(di)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗，創設(she)(she)(she)舒(shu)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)室內(nei)環(huan)境(jing)，降(jiang)低(di)(di)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)需求(qiu)(qiu)；（3）最(zui)大限(xian)度利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)[9]。3.5綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)規(gui)(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。2012年(nian)，財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)和(he)(he)(he)住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)印發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《關于(yu)加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)意見》，明確(que)(que)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)推(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，規(gui)(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。2014年(nian)《國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)新型城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)（2014—2020年(nian)）》實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。到(dao)(dao)目(mu)前為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)止，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已(yi)有(you)(you)(you)100多(duo)個規(gui)(gui)模不(bu)等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)項目(mu)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)正成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)世界(jie)上綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)數(shu)(shu)量最(zui)多(duo)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)規(gui)(gui)模最(zui)大、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)速(su)度最(zui)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)之一(yi)[10]。未(wei)(wei)來(lai)，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)會向規(gui)(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、區(qu)(qu)域化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)進一(yi)步發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，會涌現(xian)(xian)出(chu)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)“規(gui)(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)涵會不(bu)斷(duan)融入“高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)端化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、品(pin)質化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理(li)(li)念，走出(chu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之路(lu)。

4結語

建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)因“人(ren)”而(er)(er)生(sheng)，綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)順應生(sheng)態文明理念(nian)和“健康(kang)中(zhong)國”國家(jia)戰略而(er)(er)生(sheng)。綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)根本內(nei)涵是把(ba)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)作為自然的(de)(de)一部分，最大(da)限度(du)地(di)節(jie)約資源(yuan)與能源(yuan)，達(da)到保護環(huan)境、與自然共(gong)生(sheng)。在政(zheng)策、標準、技術等多重驅動(dong)下，我國綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)經過十余年(nian)的(de)(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)現已超過10億㎡，取(qu)得了顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)成(cheng)就。在創(chuang)新(xin)引領行業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)新(xin)時代背景(jing)下，協同(tong)創(chuang)新(xin)成(cheng)為推動(dong)綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)新(xin)引擎。技術上(shang)協同(tong)創(chuang)新(xin)可(ke)將大(da)數據、物(wu)聯(lian)網、云計算、BIM等新(xin)技術有機融(rong)入綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術體系；組織形式(shi)上(shang)協同(tong)創(chuang)新(xin)可(ke)實施跨機構（大(da)學、科(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)所、企事業單(dan)位和地(di)方政(zheng)府）聯(lian)合，共(gong)同(tong)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)科(ke)研(yan)攻關與成(cheng)果轉化(hua)(hua)，推動(dong)我國綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)未來健康(kang)化(hua)(hua)、智慧化(hua)(hua)、工業化(hua)(hua)、雙零化(hua)(hua)、規模化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)[11]。

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作者:全世海 單位:天(tian)津廣播電視大學