導(dao)語：小議航空鈑金工裝的實(shi)踐一文來源于網友上傳，不代(dai)表(biao)本站觀點，若需要原創文章可咨詢客(ke)服老師(shi)，歡迎(ying)參考。

本文(wen)作者：肖利(li)李雪工作單(dan)位：中航工業(ye)沈陽飛機工業(ye)(集團)有限公司(si)

航空飯金工裝(zhuang)數字化設計制造技術(shu)

與其他加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)相比,飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)有自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)并(bing)非一次成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)括(kuo)多個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序,因此(ci)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)定(ding)義(yi)(yi)不僅包(bao)括(kuo)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)本身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)(yi),更包(bao)括(kuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)。為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)證制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)精(jing)度(du),必須(xu)(xu)根據(ju)(ju)(ju)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)狀、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、材料(liao)特(te)性等(deng)進(jin)行成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)(yi),作(zuo)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)(he)(he)檢(jian)測(ce)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)。其次,飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)是(shi)塑性變形(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng),無法(fa)(fa)完全定(ding)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。再(zai)次,飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中需控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)是(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)力(li)、溫度(du)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),而(er)非坐標等(deng)幾何參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難度(du)更大(da)。由(you)(you)于(yu)材料(liao)性能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不穩(wen)定(ding)性和(he)(he)(he)(he)隨機性,使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)精(jing)確控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十分困難。因此(ci)必須(xu)(xu)從(cong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)開(kai)始直(zhi)至(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)試(shi)壓交(jiao)付整個過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)行研(yan)究(jiu),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)決方(fang)(fang)案,建(jian)立(li)(li)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)體系(xi)。飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)包(bao)括(kuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(即制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing))、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)等(deng)內(nei)容(rong),這些內(nei)容(rong)以產品數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)庫(ku)(ku)、產品工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)庫(ku)(ku)、模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)知(zhi)(zhi)識庫(ku)(ku)、標準件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)庫(ku)(ku)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)分析/仿(fang)真(zhen)庫(ku)(ku)等(deng)共(gong)享(xiang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)支撐(cheng),通(tong)過(guo)(guo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)接口與相關(guan)部門進(jin)行數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)交(jiao)換,由(you)(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)管(guan)理系(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行管(guan)理,進(jin)行系(xi)統(tong)集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),實現(xian)并(bing)行設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao),從(cong)而(er)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang),縮(suo)短制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)周期(qi)。飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)(yi)是(shi)核心,應該進(jin)行以下方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo):建(jian)立(li)(li)企(qi)業共(gong)享(xiang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)。飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)典型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)(zhi)識需求密(mi)集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。企(qi)業在以往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中積累(lei)了(le)(le)(le)大(da)量(liang)(liang)關(guan)于(yu)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)材料(liao)性能數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)、典型(xing)(xing)流程(cheng)(cheng)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)等(deng)經驗(yan)及試(shi)驗(yan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju),這些數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)共(gong)享(xiang)知(zhi)(zhi)識,建(jian)立(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)識數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku),有助于(yu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率和(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。此(ci)外(wai)還有模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)知(zhi)(zhi)識數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)、模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)分析數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)等(deng)。研(yan)究(jiu)飯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)金(jin)(jin)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)定(ding)義(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa),建(jian)立(li)(li)毛(mao)坯和(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)參(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)編程(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)源,以滿足零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)精(jing)密(mi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。圖(tu)1中,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)形(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)而(er)不是(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)原始數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)考慮了(le)(le)(le)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回彈等(deng)因素(su),對型(xing)(xing)面和(he)(he)(he)(he)尺(chi)寸進(jin)行了(le)(le)(le)合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預修(xiu)正。以制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)型(xing)(xing)為(wei)框肋零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)橡皮(pi)囊液壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)源,改變了(le)(le)(le)反(fan)復試(shi)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)式,簡化(hua)(hua)(hua)了(le)(le)(le)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),減少(shao)了(le)(le)(le)人為(wei)不確定(ding)因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)(le)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率,同(tong)時可保(bao)證零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)度(du),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang),實現(xian)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)密(mi)、快速和(he)(he)(he)(he)低成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。圖(tu)1框類零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)橡皮(pi)囊液爪成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)飛機蒙(meng)皮(pi)柔性工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)是(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個典型(xing)(xing)案例。圖(tu)2所示是(shi)一種柔性多點吸盤式夾持工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)系(xi)統(tong),采用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)傳遞(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙(meng)皮(pi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)技術(shu),與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備結合(he)很容(rong)易實現(xian)蒙(meng)皮(pi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產,使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)周期(qi)大(da)幅減少(shao),生(sheng)(sheng)產效率顯(xian)著提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)外(wai)形(xing)調整在10分鐘之內(nei)可以完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),對于(yu)多品種小批量(liang)(liang)蒙(meng)皮(pi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產具(ju)(ju)(ju)有獨(du)特(te)優勢(shi)。國內(nei)北(bei)京航(hang)空制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)研(yan)究(jiu)所已經開(kai)展了(le)(le)(le)這方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)5:。

國(guo)內航空(kong)公司的飯(fan)金工裝(zhuang)數字化設計制造

國內航空公司在民機轉包項目中通過與波音公司的合作,也逐漸開始了數字化技術的應用。配置了以CATIA軟件系統為主導的三維CAD/CAM系統,實現了產品和工裝的數字化設計,模具的數字化制造也已經開展多年。飯金工裝的設計流程如圖3所示,工裝設計部門接到設計任務后,提取零件數字模型作為設計依據,圖紙歸檔后,提交工裝數字模型作為模具制造依據,模具制造部門以工裝模具數字模型為依據進行數控加工。整個過程中數據模型作為設計、制造的唯一依據。題。比如工藝數模數據庫。在飯金設計模型到零件最終形狀的成形過程中,由于材料性能以及回彈等因素,成形飯金的模具形狀與設計的零件最終形狀存在一定偏差。飯金件設計模型準確描述了最終形狀和尺寸,但未考慮飯金件工藝過程的中間狀態,缺乏設計到制造的過渡。現在的飯金設計還無法依據產品數據模型和工藝設計提供制造用數字模型(即工藝數模),飯金設計使用的依然是設計模型,導致飯金件成形回彈后需要輔助工序進行修正,影響了飯金件質量的進一步提高,也影響到飯金件的制造效率。需要對各種材料進行進一步研究,通過仿真分析,在產品數模基礎上建立工藝數模,為模具設計和數字化檢測服務。再比如模具設計知識庫。飯金件及其成形工藝的種類繁多、成形過程的多因素性決定了飯金件在設計制造過程中依賴于在長期實踐中積累的(de)(de)經驗(yan)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi),這(zhe)些經驗(yan)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)以及各種成形工藝參數(shu)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)、各類(lei)模具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)等(deng)(deng)都是(shi)模具(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)計的(de)(de)重要資源,知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)庫的(de)(de)建立(li)有(you)助于模具(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)(she)計質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)(he)效率的(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)。在質(zhi)量(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)方面。目前飛機(ji)質(zhi)量(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)方法落后于制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)技(ji)(ji)術發展(zhan),人(ren)員(yuan)隊伍素質(zhi)和(he)(he)能力與當前數(shu)字化制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)技(ji)(ji)術深人(ren)應用(yong)不匹(pi)配(pei)。檢測手段不夠先進,除(chu)數(shu)控加工的(de)(de)結(jie)構件(jian)采用(yong)數(shu)控測量(liang)機(ji)檢測外,其(qi)他(ta)零件(jian)和(he)(he)裝配(pei)件(jian)基本(ben)上仍依賴于工裝進行手工檢測,精度和(he)(he)準確度難以滿足客戶要求。模具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)數(shu)控制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)中,高(gao)(gao)速(su)加工、復合加工、快速(su)原型制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)和(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)模技(ji)(ji)術等(deng)(deng)還(huan)需(xu)要開展(zhan)研究。

圖3國內航空公司飯(fan)金(jin)模具(ju)設(she)計(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)流程但(dan)是在(zai)(zai)飯(fan)金(jin)設(she)計(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)過程中(zhong)還存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些問B一(yi)777實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)全球第一(yi)個(ge)全機(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樣(yang)機(ji),在(zai)(zai)55個(ge)月內完成(cheng)了(le)(le)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)交付使用;JSF聯合攻擊戰斗(dou)機(ji)是第一(yi)個(ge)基(ji)于全球虛(xu)擬企業制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)飛機(ji)項目,代表了(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)。這都證明(ming)了(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)生命力。伴隨民(min)機(ji)轉包生產(chan)和(he)(he)產(chan)品型(xing)號研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),國內數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)技(ji)術有(you)(you)了(le)(le)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展,已(yi)經(jing)全面開展三維數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)和(he)(he)虛(xu)擬裝(zhuang)配,形成(cheng)了(le)(le)全機(ji)級和(he)(he)部件級的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樣(yang)機(ji),在(zai)(zai)產(chan)品數(shu)(shu)(shu)據管理、工藝設(she)計(ji)和(he)(he)工裝(zhuang)設(she)計(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)已(yi)經(jing)基(ji)本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術。具(ju)體就模具(ju)設(she)計(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)而(er)言(yan),只是在(zai)(zai)設(she)計(ji)和(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)上實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)一(yi)些突破,初步(bu)建立了(le)(le)飯(fan)金(jin)工裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)流程;對(dui)于飯(fan)金(jin)工裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)系統而(er)言(yan),在(zai)(zai)工藝數(shu)(shu)(shu)模設(she)計(ji)、知識(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據庫的(de)(de)(de)(de)建立、模具(ju)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)分析(xi)與仿真、模具(ju)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)仿真還有(you)(you)很多(duo)工作要做。