導語(yu)：PLC控制系統在石油(you)化工中的應用一(yi)文來源于網友上傳，不代表本(ben)站觀點，若需要原創文章可咨詢客服老師，歡迎參考(kao)。

[摘要]石油化工是化學工業的重要組成部分，也是我國重要的支柱產業，在國民經濟發展中有著重要作用。隨著社會的不斷發展，對生產力水平提出了更高要求，plc控制系統是一種便捷而高效的工具，并以其獨特的優勢，被普遍應用到社會各行各業。在石油化工行業中應用PLC控制系統有助于提高生產水平，推動石油化工的自動化發展。本文對PLC控制系統在石油化工中的應用進行了分析，希望能夠為石(shi)油化工生產(chan)實(shi)踐(jian)提供一(yi)些參考。

[關(guan)鍵詞]PCL；控制系(xi)統；石油化工(gong)；應用

石油(you)化(hua)(hua)工與人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)日常(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活息息相關，但與此(ci)同時由于石油(you)化(hua)(hua)工生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)量比較大(da)，又存在(zai)(zai)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)險(xian)性(xing)，因此(ci)對每一(yi)個生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環節要(yao)求都(dou)很高。PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)是指可(ke)(ke)編輯邏(luo)輯控(kong)制器(qi)，結合(he)了計算(suan)機技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和現代(dai)控(kong)制技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢，不僅能(neng)夠(gou)減輕人工作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力，還能(neng)夠(gou)提高生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全性(xing)，可(ke)(ke)以應用(yong)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)工生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個環節，近(jin)年來隨著科(ke)學技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展和進(jin)步，PLC控(kong)制系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)也在(zai)(zai)不斷改進(jin)和完善，在(zai)(zai)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)工行業(ye)規模化(hua)(hua)和自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)發展過程(cheng)中(zhong)，PLC控(kong)制系統(tong)能(neng)夠(gou)發揮(hui)出重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值，由此(ci)可(ke)(ke)見，研(yan)究PLC在(zai)(zai)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)工中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)具(ju)有非常(chang)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現實(shi)意義。

1PLC控制系統概述

1.1PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)特點(dian)。PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)不(bu)僅能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)編(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)，還能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)實現(xian)邏(luo)輯(ji)運(yun)算(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)，所以說，相(xiang)(xiang)比于傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)來說，PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)具(ju)有更(geng)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)活性，能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)滿足不(bu)同控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)需(xu)求(qiu)，因此能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)有效(xiao)提高(gao)工業生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)效(xiao)率。除此之外，PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)還具(ju)有較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)應性，在(zai)(zai)面(mian)對(dui)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施工環境時(shi)，具(ju)備一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗干擾和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)抗沖擊(ji)能(neng)力(li)，而且還能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)全(quan)(quan)方(fang)位監控(kong)(kong)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)信(xin)(xin)息，及時(shi)發現(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)診(zhen)(zhen)斷系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故障，確保系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)穩定(ding)地運(yun)行，所以更(geng)加可(ke)靠和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)。最后(hou)，PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作更(geng)加便捷、維護也更(geng)加簡(jian)單，由此可(ke)見(jian)，PLC控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)石(shi)油化工生產(chan)(chan)中有著(zhu)非常(chang)可(ke)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)前景[1]。1.2PLC系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)構(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)PLC系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)由中央(yang)處(chu)(chu)理(li)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、輸(shu)入和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)輸(shu)出(chu)單元、通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)接口、擴展結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)源等部分(fen)構(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)。與一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微機一(yi)樣，中央(yang)處(chu)(chu)理(li)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（CPU）是(shi)PLC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心，在(zai)(zai)該模塊(kuai)(kuai)中，按(an)照系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)所賦予的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)來控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)PLC系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作，一(yi)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)接收從(cong)編(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)，二是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)電(dian)源、內(nei)部電(dian)路和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)編(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)中存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)進(jin)行診(zhen)(zhen)斷，三是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過輸(shu)入結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)接收現(xian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據并輸(shu)入到(dao)數(shu)據寄(ji)存器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，四是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)從(cong)存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)讀(du)取用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)并執行，五是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過輸(shu)出(chu)單元實現(xian)輸(shu)出(chu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，具(ju)體(ti)CPU的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選型，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)石(shi)油化工企業根據自(zi)動控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)功能(neng)、速(su)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)通(tong)(tong)(tong)訊能(neng)力(li)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)確定(ding)。存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)具(ju)有記(ji)憶功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)半導體(ti)電(dian)路，具(ju)體(ti)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)用(yong)戶存儲(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)來存放系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)、用(yong)戶程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)(xu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工作數(shu)據等等。輸(shu)入和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)輸(shu)出(chu)單元是(shi)PLC系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與工業生產(chan)(chan)現(xian)場連(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)模塊(kuai)(kuai)，在(zai)(zai)輸(shu)入模塊(kuai)(kuai)中通(tong)(tong)(tong)過輸(shu)入傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)獲取到(dao)各種(zhong)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)并將(jiang)其轉換為(wei)PLC系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作信(xin)(xin)號(hao)，然后(hou)再(zai)由輸(shu)出(chu)模塊(kuai)(kuai)將(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)處(chu)(chu)理(li)之后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果轉換為(wei)執行指(zhi)令(ling)，從(cong)而實現(xian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)動化控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)接口一(yi)般都帶有通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)處(chu)(chu)理(li)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過這些接口能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)(gou)實現(xian)PLC與計算(suan)機、監視(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)其他PLC之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)。PLC配有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)源是(shi)供內(nei)部電(dian)路使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，相(xiang)(xiang)比于普通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)源，PLC電(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)抗干擾能(neng)力(li)較(jiao)強[1]。

2PLC系統在石油化工(gong)中的應用

PLC系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)有(you)很多(duo)，例(li)如鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)激波(bo)吹灰(hui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)報警監測(ce)(ce)處理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)藥(yao)劑(ji)自(zi)動配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)等(deng)，有(you)效(xiao)提高(gao)了(le)(le)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)效(xiao)率，從而降低了(le)(le)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)本(ben)，同(tong)時也(ye)減少不(bu)(bu)必要的(de)(de)(de)人力和(he)(he)資源浪費，提升了(le)(le)企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)。2.1鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)激波(bo)吹灰(hui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。在(zai)(zai)某(mou)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業催化(hua)(hua)(hua)裂化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)鍋(guo)(guo)爐(lu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，利(li)用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)PLC控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)激波(bo)吹灰(hui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)能夠(gou)(gou)實現(xian)(xian)吹掃、聲疲勞、清洗、局部振(zhen)打等(deng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)要求，該系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)西(xi)門子S7-200系(xi)(xi)(xi)列PLC控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)、一(yi)個(ge)(ge)EM277智能通訊模塊、一(yi)個(ge)(ge)EM223數(shu)(shu)字量混合模塊、四個(ge)(ge)EM222數(shu)(shu)字量輸出模塊和(he)(he)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)西(xi)門子270系(xi)(xi)(xi)列觸(chu)摸(mo)屏(ping)(ping)構成(cheng)，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)能夠(gou)(gou)實現(xian)(xian)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)交互(hu)，操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員(yuan)還(huan)能夠(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)觸(chu)摸(mo)屏(ping)(ping)上通過(guo)(guo)(guo)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人機界面來實施(shi)把控(kong)(kong)生產過(guo)(guo)(guo)程，實現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)遠(yuan)程控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)[2]。2.2氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)報警監測(ce)(ce)處理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。在(zai)(zai)某(mou)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業生產現(xian)(xian)場(chang)采用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)基(ji)于PLC控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)FS300氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)報警控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)來監測(ce)(ce)生產過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中可燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)有(you)毒氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)濃度，利(li)用(yong)(yong)該控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)能夠(gou)(gou)將(jiang)施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)電流轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)被測(ce)(ce)對象量的(de)(de)(de)顯示(shi)，并(bing)(bing)連接到控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室內的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)報警裝置(zhi)，一(yi)旦現(xian)(xian)場(chang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)濃度超(chao)標便能夠(gou)(gou)及時地發出警報，從而石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)生產的(de)(de)(de)安全提供了(le)(le)保障。2.3藥(yao)劑(ji)自(zi)動配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)生產的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)藥(yao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中，采用(yong)(yong)PLC作(zuo)為核(he)心控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)能夠(gou)(gou)對藥(yao)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程進行自(zi)動的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)能夠(gou)(gou)保證配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比例(li)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)確性(xing)，也(ye)能夠(gou)(gou)節約大量的(de)(de)(de)人力成(cheng)本(ben)，從而有(you)效(xiao)確保了(le)(le)藥(yao)劑(ji)濃度的(de)(de)(de)準確和(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)穩定。某(mou)企(qi)(qi)業采用(yong)(yong)西(xi)門子S7-200系(xi)(xi)(xi)列PLC控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)完成(cheng)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)觸(chu)摸(mo)屏(ping)(ping)上顯示(shi)人機交互(hu)界面，由(you)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員(yuan)錄(lu)入配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)參數(shu)(shu)，從而實現(xian)(xian)對藥(yao)劑(ji)配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)程控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)[3]。

3PLC系統在石油化工中的應用策略

PLC系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠性對(dui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)經濟運行(xing)有著重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，所(suo)以說提(ti)升PLC系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)非(fei)常關(guan)鍵(jian)。3.1加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)創(chuang)新(xin)。隨著社(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)展，對(dui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)提(ti)出了(le)更高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，所(suo)以說，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)想完(wan)善(shan)PLC系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)，就(jiu)必(bi)(bi)須要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)和(he)創(chuang)新(xin)，首先要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)合理地(di)設(she)(she)計電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)敷設(she)(she)，針對(dui)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信號進(jin)行(xing)分層敷設(she)(she)，從(cong)而(er)減少動力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波(bo)對(dui)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響；其(qi)次(ci)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)供(gong)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源進(jin)行(xing)優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)，采用(yong)抑制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源來消除(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源耦(ou)合對(dui)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，如果(guo)條件(jian)(jian)允許(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以增(zeng)加(jia)浪涌保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器來保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源免受自(zi)然(ran)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損壞；再次(ci)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)軟硬件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，例(li)如采用(yong)數字濾波(bo)和(he)工(gong)頻(pin)整形采樣技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)來一(yi)直(zhi)周期(qi)性干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)、及時(shi)校(xiao)正(zheng)參考點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位避免發(fa)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位漂(piao)移、優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)軟件(jian)(jian)來提(ti)升軟件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠性等等；最后要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)完(wan)善(shan)接地(di)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，接地(di)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)影響非(fei)常大(da)，單獨接地(di)是(shi)(shi)做安(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做法(fa)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)如果(guo)儲罐間距(ju)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，為(wei)了(le)保(bao)(bao)證施(shi)工(gong)安(an)全(quan)(quan)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以利(li)用(yong)橫(heng)截(jie)面(mian)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅線將各點儲罐連在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)起再接地(di)[4]。3.2正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)備選型(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)選擇(ze)設(she)(she)備時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)綜合考慮系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)性能(neng)，例(li)如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容性、隔離(li)性能(neng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品，除(chu)此(ci)之(zhi)外(wai)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)廠家給出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐壓(ya)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)、模(mo)(mo)擬制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比(bi)以及差(cha)(cha)模(mo)(mo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比(bi)等抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)指標(biao)進(jin)行(xing)充分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)解(jie)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)我國采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網模(mo)(mo)式與國外(wai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，因此(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)選擇(ze)一(yi)些國外(wai)產(chan)品過程中要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)特別(bie)注(zhu)意這方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)(cha)異，選擇(ze)抗干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)備[5]。3.3提(ti)高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)水平(ping)。對(dui)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)來說，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作，而(er)且(qie)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)許(xu)多安(an)全(quan)(quan)風(feng)險，雖(sui)然(ran)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠性較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)(qiang)，操(cao)作簡便(bian)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)具有很強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)性，對(dui)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，不(bu)(bu)僅需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)了(le)解(jie)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)理論知(zhi)(zhi)識，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)能(neng)夠(gou)熟(shu)練(lian)地(di)操(cao)作各種類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)備，除(chu)此(ci)之(zhi)外(wai)還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)了(le)解(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)問題。由此(ci)可(ke)(ke)見，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)想提(ti)高(gao)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)效果(guo)，就(jiu)必(bi)(bi)須提(ti)高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)水平(ping)，首先企(qi)(qi)業(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)積極引(yin)進(jin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、高(gao)素質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)才，除(chu)此(ci)之(zhi)外(wai)，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)組織(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)行(xing)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)培訓，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)地(di)學習先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)PLC技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)知(zhi)(zhi)識和(he)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)，了(le)解(jie)PLC設(she)(she)備，對(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)所(suo)選擇(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品能(neng)夠(gou)熟(shu)練(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作，從(cong)而(er)為(wei)PLC控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)提(ti)供(gong)可(ke)(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持[6]。

4結語

總(zong)而言之，PLC技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)強、獨立性(xing)(xing)(xing)強、運行(xing)成本低，而且(qie)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)及那首控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)故障的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)率，因(yin)此在石(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工中(zhong)(zhong)合理(li)地(di)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)PLC控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)力，從(cong)而提(ti)(ti)升企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)。但是在實際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)PLC控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，不可(ke)避免地(di)會受到很(hen)多因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾，所以為了能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)石(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工的(de)(de)(de)安全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，需(xu)要相關工作(zuo)人員根(gen)據實際(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)提(ti)(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求不斷進行(xing)探索，完善(shan)PLC技術(shu)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)抗干(gan)擾性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)，保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)PLC系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)和穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，從(cong)而實現(xian)石(shi)油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)學工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)平穩、快速、安全地(di)發展(zhan)。

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作者:魏(wei)艷娟 單位:大連歐科(ke)膜技術工程有限公司