導語：通信系統對漁(yu)業安全生(sheng)產的應用一文來源于網(wang)友上(shang)傳(chuan)，不代表(biao)本站觀點(dian)，若需要(yao)原創(chuang)文章可咨詢客服老師(shi)，歡迎(ying)參考。

【摘要】為了提高海上通信的有效快捷，滿足漁業安全生(sheng)產監(jian)督管理，漁業信(xin)息傳遞，以及船岸(an)、船員間的通信(xin)需求，開發(fa)短波(bo)多媒(mei)體通信(xin)系統(tong)。該系統(tong)的應用(yong)，可在(zai)不增加設備投入的情況下，實現海上互聯互通、漁業生(sheng)產管理及安(an)全救助(zhu)，高質量服務我國現代漁業發(fa)展(zhan)。

【關鍵詞】短(duan)波多媒體；海上通信；多模通信；漁業(ye)生產管理

我國是漁業大國，海洋漁業水域面積300多萬平方公里，截止2020年底全國共有漁業船舶56.33萬艘，漁業人口1720.77萬人。海上環境的復雜多變以及漁業生產的特(te)點，決定了海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業常年(nian)被(bei)列入高(gao)危行業。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，雖然(ran)各級(ji)政府對漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產非常重(zhong)視，采取了一(yi)系(xi)列措施，但海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業安(an)全(quan)形勢仍(reng)然(ran)十分嚴峻。海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業通(tong)信是(shi)(shi)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)與(yu)陸地(di)、漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)間(jian)進行信息交流的(de)唯一(yi)途徑，是(shi)(shi)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業安(an)全(quan)管理與(yu)組織(zhi)海(hai)(hai)難救助的(de)必備手(shou)段，是(shi)(shi)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業現代化的(de)重(zhong)要標志。有效、快捷的(de)通(tong)信是(shi)(shi)預防漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故發(fa)生(sheng)、組織(zhi)海(hai)(hai)上救援的(de)根本保(bao)證，能夠最大限度地(di)減少或避免(mian)人員傷亡(wang)和(he)經(jing)濟損(sun)失。[1]

一、海洋漁業通信現狀

海洋漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)包含傳統短波(bo)(bo)、超(chao)短波(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)和衛(wei)星、移動通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)等現(xian)代通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)方式：小動力漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)(shang)大部分(fen)(fen)都配裝了(le)(le)CDMA定位手機；所有具備(bei)(bei)安(an)裝條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，全(quan)配備(bei)(bei)了(le)(le)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)超(chao)短波(bo)(bo)電臺；遠洋捕(bu)撈(lao)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)都配備(bei)(bei)了(le)(le)短波(bo)(bo)電臺；部分(fen)(fen)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)配裝了(le)(le)北斗衛(wei)星定位通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)終端。[2]目前，我(wo)國海上(shang)(shang)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)網(wang)已實(shi)(shi)現(xian)初步的(de)(de)傳輸(shu)服務質(zhi)量(liang)保證(zheng)，但與陸(lu)上(shang)(shang)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)相比，現(xian)階段海上(shang)(shang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)線電通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術相對(dui)滯(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，發(fa)(fa)展緩慢(man)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)滿足現(xian)代漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)、管理及安(an)全(quan)救助的(de)(de)需(xu)要。[3-4]現(xian)有漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統存(cun)在(zai)以(yi)下(xia)弊(bi)端：1.船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員之間無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)，由于不(bu)同船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶加(jia)裝不(bu)同的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)設(she)備(bei)(bei)，各設(she)備(bei)(bei)之間因頻段不(bu)同無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)互通(tong)(tong)，當災害發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)進行互相救助；2.無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)完成漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)監測，漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)出(chu)(chu)海時(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)使用(yong)公用(yong)網(wang)絡，只能在(zai)近海時(shi)(shi)(shi)才能把捕(bu)撈(lao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)傳遞到岸(an)上(shang)(shang)，導致(zhi)在(zai)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)返航前無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)提前安(an)排漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)獲的(de)(de)銷售(shou)處理；3.船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)監測，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員遇險后(hou)(hou)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)告警(jing)，岸(an)上(shang)(shang)管理員也(ye)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)對(dui)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員的(de)(de)真實(shi)(shi)身(shen)份及動態(tai)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)掌握(wo)；4.出(chu)(chu)海的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法(fa)(fa)與岸(an)上(shang)(shang)家人朋(peng)友等通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)。[6]根據(ju)海洋漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)需(xu)求，結合(he)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)、管理特點，我(wo)們開發(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)一套(tao)短波(bo)(bo)多(duo)媒體通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統，可結合(he)海上(shang)(shang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶、岸(an)臺已有通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)專(zhuan)用(yong)網(wang)絡，在(zai)不(bu)增加(jia)設(she)備(bei)(bei)投(tou)入的(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)海上(shang)(shang)互聯(lian)互通(tong)(tong)、漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)管理及安(an)全(quan)救助，高質(zhi)量(liang)服務現(xian)代漁(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展。

二、系統組成

整(zheng)個系統由(you)(you)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)、多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)客戶(hu)(hu)端(duan)、多(duo)媒體(ti)客戶(hu)(hu)端(duan)、多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)、漁業(ye)資源管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)、船(chuan)員(yuan)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)組成。其中，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)與(yu)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)之間通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過短波鏈(lian)路(lu)互通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)；多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)、多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)客戶(hu)(hu)端(duan)、多(duo)媒體(ti)客戶(hu)(hu)端(duan)、多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)、漁業(ye)資源管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)、船(chuan)員(yuan)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)之間通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過INTERNET網絡互通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)；短波電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、公網信(xin)息(xi)(xi)終端(duan)與(yu)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)直接相連(lian)。系統整(zheng)體(ti)架構圖(tu)由(you)(you)圖(tu)1所(suo)示(shi)。岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)均(jun)具有(you)按照全(quan)球海(hai)上遇險(xian)與(yu)安(an)全(quan)系統（GMDSS）的協(xie)議標準(zhun)實現(xian)的調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)解調(diao)功(gong)能(neng)，預設根據(ju)(ju)時(shi)間段(duan)、位(wei)置(zhi)對應的頻點信(xin)息(xi)(xi)，并且(qie)具有(you)當前位(wei)置(zhi)采集功(gong)能(neng)，根據(ju)(ju)位(wei)置(zhi)選(xuan)擇頻點信(xin)息(xi)(xi)。船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)可把數(shu)(shu)(shu)字信(xin)號(hao)調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)發給(gei)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)收到(dao)信(xin)號(hao)后(hou)發送給(gei)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)解調(diao)調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)信(xin)號(hao)后(hou)再次獲得數(shu)(shu)(shu)字信(xin)號(hao)，從(cong)而實現(xian)基于(yu)短波鏈(lian)路(lu)的數(shu)(shu)(shu)字通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)方法(fa)。當船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)要通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)時(shi)，由(you)(you)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)經由(you)(you)短波數(shu)(shu)(shu)字通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)鏈(lian)路(lu)，向(xiang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)器(qi)(qi)獲取(qu)空閑通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)信(xin)道(dao)，根據(ju)(ju)獲取(qu)的空閑信(xin)道(dao)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)電臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)切換到(dao)該(gai)空閑信(xin)道(dao)完成通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)。

三、實現方法

本系統的實現，關鍵在于突破短波的數字化技術。短波數字化技術主要是基于軟件無線電的思想，以ADC/DAC、CPU、DSP和FPGA為硬件支撐平臺，實現短波電臺的數字化、軟件化、模塊化。短波數字化技術的出現徹底顛覆了舊的過分依賴硬件設備的通信理念，使得人們可以更好地將數字信號處理技術應用于(yu)短(duan)波(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信新(xin)(xin)技術和新(xin)(xin)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)。這(zhe)種(zhong)理念不(bu)但大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低了(le)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)成本，更(geng)縮短(duan)了(le)研發(fa)(fa)周期(qi)，使得短(duan)波(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究與應用邁上(shang)了(le)一個新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺階(jie)。短(duan)波(bo)(bo)數(shu)字(zi)化在海上(shang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信領域有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用空間。對(dui)于(yu)未安裝(zhuang)DSC設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)船舶(bo)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)較(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本享有DSC的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)；對(dui)遠(yuan)洋航(hang)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)船舶(bo)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過短(duan)波(bo)(bo)來進(jin)行數(shu)據(ju)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信、定位等(deng)，相較(jiao)于(yu)衛(wei)星(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低費用。另外(wai)，現在的(de)(de)(de)(de)短(duan)波(bo)(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信設(she)備功能(neng)都比(bi)較(jiao)單(dan)一，而(er)對(dui)于(yu)處理能(neng)力較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)字(zi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信設(she)備如智(zhi)能(neng)手(shou)機等(deng)，只要(yao)安裝(zhuang)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)APP就可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)實現不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)，滿足(zu)各種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)根據(ju)特殊要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行個性化定制，進(jin)而(er)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)實現短(duan)波(bo)(bo)多媒體(ti)。本系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)實現方(fang)法如下：

（一(yi)(yi)）開(kai)發一(yi)(yi)種短波數字化軟件模塊，模塊具有以下(xia)特點

1.將數(shu)字基帶信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)用(yong)軟件方式(shi)轉(zhuan)成音頻頻段的(de)(de)(de)FSK調制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，然后借(jie)助短(duan)(duan)(duan)波進(jin)(jin)行(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)。相比于(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)短(duan)(duan)(duan)波模擬信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)系(xi)統，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)將數(shu)字信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)中的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種檢(jian)錯(cuo)(cuo)、糾(jiu)錯(cuo)(cuo)技(ji)術(shu)，分(fen)集接(jie)(jie)收(shou)技(ji)術(shu)運(yun)用(yong)其(qi)中，從(cong)而達到(dao)差錯(cuo)(cuo)可(ke)(ke)(ke)控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。2.該模塊(kuai)使用(yong)時間分(fen)集技(ji)術(shu)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)降低接(jie)(jie)收(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)錯(cuo)(cuo)誤(wu)率，提高(gao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)。3.運(yun)用(yong)特(te)殊(shu)編碼技(ji)術(shu)，在傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)中加入校(xiao)驗比特(te)位(wei)，能夠實現傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)檢(jian)測，借(jie)助出(chu)錯(cuo)(cuo)自(zi)動請求(qiu)重(zhong)發(fa)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，達到(dao)自(zi)糾(jiu)錯(cuo)(cuo)功能。4.該模塊(kuai)有兩(liang)種接(jie)(jie)收(shou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)自(zi)糾(jiu)錯(cuo)(cuo)功能。一(yi)種是對連續接(jie)(jie)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)個符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)垂(chui)直求(qiu)和校(xiao)驗，結(jie)合符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)驗位(wei)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)定(ding)位(wei)出(chu)錯(cuo)(cuo)誤(wu)比特(te)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置，并進(jin)(jin)行(xing)自(zi)動糾(jiu)正。另一(yi)種是基于(yu)時間分(fen)集技(ji)術(shu)，對兩(liang)次接(jie)(jie)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)一(yi)符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)比對，結(jie)合垂(chui)直校(xiao)驗和，對出(chu)錯(cuo)(cuo)符(fu)(fu)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)直接(jie)(jie)舍(she)棄。5.接(jie)(jie)收(shou)算法(fa)中采用(yong)變換域的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，如快速傅里(li)葉變換、離散傅里(li)葉變換等對采樣(yang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)識別，通過分(fen)析(xi)采樣(yang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)功率譜密度，來(lai)(lai)確定(ding)發(fa)射端(duan)發(fa)送的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)始數(shu)字頻帶信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)波形(xing)，進(jin)(jin)而借(jie)助位(wei)同(tong)步技(ji)術(shu)來(lai)(lai)恢復出(chu)原(yuan)(yuan)始二進(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)字信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。6.該模塊(kuai)還可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)根(gen)據(ju)需要對原(yuan)(yuan)始模擬信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)短(duan)(duan)(duan)波數(shu)字傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)，在接(jie)(jie)收(shou)端(duan)經過數(shu)字解調和數(shu)模轉(zhuan)換，得到(dao)原(yuan)(yuan)始模擬信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。7.能夠根(gen)據(ju)需要對各(ge)種電(dian)臺(tai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)兼(jian)容，即不同(tong)種類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)臺(tai)都可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)實現短(duan)(duan)(duan)波數(shu)字化通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。8.為保證傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)，本系(xi)統初版設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)速率為100bit/s，后期(qi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)根(gen)據(ju)技(ji)術(shu)成熟度逐漸提高(gao)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)速率。9.模塊(kuai)具有通用(yong)性(xing)(xing)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)基于(yu)此來(lai)(lai)設(she)計(ji)其(qi)他短(duan)(duan)(duan)波數(shu)字化應用(yong)產品。

（二(er)）數(shu)字化模塊(kuai)內部也采用(yong)模塊(kuai)化設計，主要(yao)包括以下幾個子模塊(kuai)

1.調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)作為數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射端入口(kou)，將(jiang)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)或模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擬信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)轉換成能(neng)直接(jie)(jie)控(kong)制波(bo)形(xing)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)基帶信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，與此同(tong)時(shi)，校(xiao)驗(yan)位(wei)(wei)也(ye)在該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)中產生(sheng)，加(jia)入校(xiao)驗(yan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)隨后(hou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)(gei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。2.數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。接(jie)(jie)收來(lai)自輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)基帶信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，以(yi)此作為數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，對(dui)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)音(yin)頻(pin)波(bo)形(xing)進(jin)(jin)行數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制，得(de)到(dao)攜帶了(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)形(xing)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，另外，同(tong)步位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)和分集發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)機制也(ye)是由(you)該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)負責。3.調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)依(yi)照控(kong)制器(qi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)度程序(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，將(jiang)已調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)按一(yi)定規則(ze)發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)(gei)電臺，電臺將(jiang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)由(you)天(tian)線發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)到(dao)空間。4.解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)將(jiang)電臺發(fa)(fa)(fa)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)形(xing)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行采樣，得(de)到(dao)幅值連續、時(shi)間離散的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擬信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，經歸一(yi)化處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)得(de)到(dao)一(yi)系(xi)列十進(jin)(jin)制數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據。利用(yong)頻(pin)域(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)算法(fa)，從這些數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據中提(ti)取頻(pin)譜特(te)征(zheng)，然后(hou)交由(you)解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。5.解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)用(yong)特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)識別算法(fa)將(jiang)解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據進(jin)(jin)行解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)，得(de)到(dao)一(yi)系(xi)列二(er)進(jin)(jin)制位(wei)(wei)。根據差錯校(xiao)驗(yan)規則(ze)，對(dui)得(de)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)個符號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行自檢(jian)，對(dui)多(duo)個符號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行垂直校(xiao)驗(yan)，以(yi)及對(dui)分集接(jie)(jie)收符號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)進(jin)(jin)行檢(jian)錯與篩(shai)選，該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)還有錯誤請(qing)求重發(fa)(fa)(fa)功能(neng)，然后(hou)將(jiang)正確(que)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)(gei)解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。6.解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。該(gai)(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)將(jiang)解(jie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)進(jin)(jin)制信(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)去掉檢(jian)驗(yan)位(wei)(wei)，提(ti)取出(chu)真正傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)有用(yong)信(xin)息，發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)(gei)上(shang)層調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)用(yong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)。7.以(yi)上(shang)功能(neng)實(shi)現后(hou)，可以(yi)根據需要在無(wu)線電管理(li)(li)(li)部門規定的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)頻(pin)段內(nei)，使(shi)用(yong)其他調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)制頻(pin)率。

（三）短波數字化(hua)系統設計

1.控制(zhi)(zhi)器軟(ruan)件(jian)設計(ji)。控制(zhi)(zhi)器作為短(duan)(duan)波數字通(tong)信(xin)系統的(de)指揮中心(xin)，主要(yao)負責數據的(de)傳輸控制(zhi)(zhi)、對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)，能夠(gou)協調各功能模(mo)塊(kuai)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)的(de)收發過(guo)程(cheng)有(you)序進(jin)行。2.控制(zhi)(zhi)器硬(ying)件(jian)設計(ji)。控制(zhi)(zhi)器是一(yi)臺(tai)微型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦，具有(you)一(yi)定的(de)處理(li)(li)能力、存儲能力，可以同時處理(li)(li)多個(ge)進(jin)程(cheng)，并且具有(you)多種標準接(jie)口(kou)如USB、RS-232、RJ-45，音視頻接(jie)口(kou)等(deng)(deng)，能夠(gou)支持后續多種功能的(de)擴展(zhan)，如外接(jie)顯示屏、一(yi)鍵通(tong)話(hua)（PTT）、耳機話(hua)筒等(deng)(deng)。另外，內(nei)部(bu)布線(xian)要(yao)符合標準，避免信(xin)號干擾，模(mo)塊(kuai)之間合理(li)(li)布局，能有(you)效散(san)熱(re)，外形美觀(guan)，容易安置，盡量能夠(gou)安裝在標準化(hua)機架上。3.兼容性設計(ji)。根據客戶需要(yao)，控制(zhi)(zhi)器軟(ruan)件(jian)可以添加(jia)新型短(duan)(duan)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)，對不(bu)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)要(yao)實現透明化(hua)，即實現多種短(duan)(duan)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)無差別化(hua)通(tong)信(xin)。

四、功能介紹

該短(duan)波多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)(ti)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統主要包括：與船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過局域網(wang)連接的(de)(de)短(duan)波多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)(ti)終(zhong)端，與岸(an)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過INTERNET網(wang)絡連接的(de)(de)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)服務器(qi)(qi)、漁業資(zi)(zi)源管(guan)(guan)理服務器(qi)(qi)、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)理服務器(qi)(qi)和(he)多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)(ti)客戶端。短(duan)波多(duo)媒(mei)體(ti)(ti)終(zhong)端用于采集漁業資(zi)(zi)源信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)發送(song)、錄入船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)發送(song)、編輯船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員給(gei)家(jia)人(ren)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)發送(song)、以及將對其(qi)他船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員的(de)(de)呼叫請(qing)求向(xiang)(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)發送(song)；漁業資(zi)(zi)源管(guan)(guan)理服務器(qi)(qi)用于保存(cun)漁業資(zi)(zi)源信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)供用戶進行信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)檢索、調用；船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)理服務器(qi)(qi)用于保存(cun)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、對船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員位(wei)置(zhi)進行實時監測；多(duo)模(mo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)服務器(qi)(qi)用于利用公用網(wang)絡建立(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員與家(jia)人(ren)之間的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)鏈路并(bing)(bing)(bing)傳送(song)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。[6]

（一）漁業資(zi)源采集管理

管理員通(tong)(tong)過(guo)短波多媒體終端采集漁業(ye)(ye)資源信息(xi)（漁獲物的種(zhong)類、數量等）并發送給船(chuan)臺多模通(tong)(tong)信控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，船(chuan)臺多模通(tong)(tong)信控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)控制(zhi)船(chuan)臺電(dian)臺發給岸臺電(dian)臺，岸臺電(dian)臺接收后發送給岸臺多模通(tong)(tong)信控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，岸臺多模通(tong)(tong)信控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)將漁業(ye)(ye)資源信息(xi)解(jie)調后傳送至漁業(ye)(ye)資源管理服(fu)務器(qi)(qi)保存，供用戶統(tong)計、檢索。[6]

（二）船員信息管理

船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)(tong)過短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)，將(jiang)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發送(song)(song)給(gei)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)(duo)模通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控制(zhi)器(qi)，船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)(duo)模通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控制(zhi)器(qi)控制(zhi)船(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)將(jiang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發給(gei)岸臺(tai)(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，岸臺(tai)(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)接收后(hou)發送(song)(song)給(gei)岸臺(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)(duo)模通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控制(zhi)器(qi)，岸臺(tai)(tai)(tai)多(duo)(duo)模通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控制(zhi)器(qi)將(jiang)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)解(jie)調后(hou)，傳(chuan)送(song)(song)至船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)理服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)保存(cun)并完成(cheng)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)統計、檢索以及實時(shi)監測。船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)采集(ji)具體包括(kuo)(kuo)以下步驟：利用(yong)短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)采集(ji)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，包括(kuo)(kuo)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)照片以及信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間、位置等；根據(ju)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)照片生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)縮(suo)略(lve)圖(tu)，利用(yong)縮(suo)略(lve)圖(tu)以及信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間和位置，生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)報信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)；從(cong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和上(shang)(shang)報信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)提取出(chu)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，以用(yong)于驗證(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)否發生(sheng)(sheng)篡改；對(dui)(dui)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)進(jin)行加密(mi)，生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)加密(mi)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)；利用(yong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和加密(mi)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)組(zu)合生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)核查(cha)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，并對(dui)(dui)核查(cha)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)賦予唯一的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)ID，保存(cun)在短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)中(zhong)；利用(yong)上(shang)(shang)報信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和加密(mi)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)組(zu)合生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)記(ji)(ji)錄信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，上(shang)(shang)傳(chuan)至船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)理服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)，進(jin)行船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)；記(ji)(ji)錄信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)核查(cha)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)具有相同的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)ID；登(deng)(deng)陸船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)理服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)查(cha)看保存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)錄信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，并在需要查(cha)詢(xun)某一記(ji)(ji)錄信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)縮(suo)略(lve)圖(tu)所對(dui)(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)照片時(shi)，向(xiang)短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)發送(song)(song)請求，并向(xiang)短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)發送(song)(song)該記(ji)(ji)錄信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)ID；短(duan)(duan)波多(duo)(duo)媒(mei)(mei)體終端(duan)根據(ju)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)理服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)發送(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)ID調取本地存(cun)儲的(de)(de)(de)與(yu)(yu)之對(dui)(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)核查(cha)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，發送(song)(song)至船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)理服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)，以對(dui)(dui)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)船(chuan)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)行核查(cha)。[6]

（三）船員與家人通信

船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員(yuan)在(zai)需要與家(jia)人通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)時(shi)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)短波多(duo)媒(mei)體終端編輯信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)，在(zai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)輸過(guo)(guo)程中，首(shou)先將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)發(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)判定為(wei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員(yuan)與家(jia)人的(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)后(hou)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)給(gei)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)接收后(hou)發(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)解調(diao)后(hou)傳(chuan)送(song)至多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)服務器(qi)(qi)，多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)服務器(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)網絡(luo)(luo)發(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員(yuan)家(jia)人；船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員(yuan)家(jia)人使(shi)用(yong)(yong)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)網絡(luo)(luo)發(fa)(fa)送(song)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)給(gei)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)服務器(qi)(qi)將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)發(fa)(fa)送(song)至岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岸(an)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)送(song)給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)臺(tai)(tai)接收后(hou)將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)發(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺(tai)(tai)多(duo)模通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)將信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)解調(diao)后(hou)發(fa)(fa)送(song)給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員(yuan)的(de)短波多(duo)媒(mei)體終端。[6]

（四）船(chuan)員與(yu)船(chuan)員的通信

船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員通(tong)過(guo)短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)向船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)送呼(hu)叫請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)接收(shou)呼(hu)叫請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)后(hou)向目(mu)標(biao)(biao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)送，目(mu)標(biao)(biao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員的(de)(de)短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)接收(shou)到呼(hu)叫請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)后(hou)，向船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)送請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)應(ying)答，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)將(jiang)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)應(ying)答發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)送給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員的(de)(de)短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)，完成船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員之間的(de)(de)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)預先定義好通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)組的(de)(de)成員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)員的(de)(de)短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)定時(shi)向船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)心跳信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)根據(ju)收(shou)到的(de)(de)短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)心跳信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)記錄短(duan)波多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)媒(mei)體終(zhong)(zhong)端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)（通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)地(di)(di)址、工作狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)）；船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)臺多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)模(mo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)根據(ju)收(shou)到的(de)(de)業務信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)獲取(qu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)址信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)，如(ru)果目(mu)標(biao)(biao)是單(dan)(dan)呼(hu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，獲取(qu)單(dan)(dan)呼(hu)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)地(di)(di)址，把(ba)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)給(gei)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，如(ru)果目(mu)標(biao)(biao)為組ID，獲取(qu)此組中包含(han)的(de)(de)成員，然后(hou)獲取(qu)成員的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)地(di)(di)址，把(ba)成員信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)給(gei)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)。[6]

五、結束語

我(wo)國(guo)(guo)沿海(hai)(hai)(hai)常(chang)年受臺風、寒潮、濃霧等惡(e)劣(lie)天氣(qi)影響，對(dui)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)安(an)全生產極(ji)為(wei)不利。漁(yu)(yu)(yu)船(chuan)數量(liang)多、作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)范圍(wei)廣、通信裝備(bei)落后等現狀，使(shi)其風險程度亦遠(yuan)高于其他行(xing)業(ye)(ye)，岸船(chuan)之(zhi)間的(de)通信不暢始終是(shi)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)安(an)全生產管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)薄弱環節。短波通信因抗(kang)摧毀能力強，無需建(jian)立中繼站便可(ke)傳輸數萬(wan)公里(li)等優(you)點(dian)，在(zai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)通信中具有不可(ke)替代的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用。[5]短波多媒體通信系(xi)統的(de)開發(fa)，可(ke)將語音、文本(ben)、圖(tu)像等數據通過短波鏈路進(jin)(jin)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)傳輸，可(ke)為(wei)出海(hai)(hai)(hai)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)的(de)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)提(ti)供氣(qi)象(xiang)、漁(yu)(yu)(yu)汛、漁(yu)(yu)(yu)獲物銷售及(ji)親情聯絡(luo)等各種(zhong)定制化服務。對(dui)船(chuan)只和船(chuan)員的(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)定位，可(ke)以從根本(ben)上(shang)(shang)解決海(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)災害救(jiu)援(yuan)、船(chuan)員精細化管(guan)理(li)(li)等難(nan)題，并可(ke)對(dui)越界捕撈等違法行(xing)為(wei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)監管(guan)。該系(xi)統的(de)應用必將在(zai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋漁(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)生產、管(guan)理(li)(li)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)災害組織救(jiu)援(yuan)等工作(zuo)(zuo)中發(fa)揮巨大作(zuo)(zuo)用，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步提(ti)高我(wo)國(guo)(guo)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)現代化水平(ping)，使(shi)漁(yu)(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)安(an)全生產及(ji)監督管(guan)理(li)(li)等決策(ce)的(de)準確性(xing)、科學性(xing)、時(shi)效性(xing)得到全面提(ti)升。

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[3]交通運輸部中(zhong)國(guo)海(hai)上(shang)搜(sou)救中(zhong)心(xin).衛星(xing)通信(xin)在海(hai)上(shang)搜(sou)救工(gong)作中(zhong)的應(ying)用介(jie)紹[C]//2008災害應(ying)急(ji)與(yu)衛星(xing)應(ying)用研討會文集.北京:中(zhong)國(guo)通信(xin)學(xue)會,2008:5-9.

[4]蔣冰,鄭(zheng)藝(yi),華彥寧等.海(hai)上應(ying)急通信技(ji)術(shu)研究進展[J].科(ke)技(ji)導報,2018,36(6):28-39.

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[6]宋(song)道(dao)建,董文(wen)帥,史元洪.一種短波多媒(mei)體通(tong)信系統及(ji)其通(tong)信方法[P].山(shan)東省：CN111224987A,2020-06-02.

作者：張念(nian)華(hua) 徐浩(hao) 王光峻 宋(song)道建 史元洪